Red Dead Redemption 2: A Genre Milestone

February 14, 2023 / Roger Edwards

I started playing Red Dead Redemption 2 on the PC upon its release in late 2019. Although I enjoyed it, I was distracted by other matters at the time and so I drifted away in early 2020. To cut a long story short, I recently picked up exactly where I left off, because I felt the need for a big, narrative driven, RPG gaming experience. Red Dead Redemption 2 certainly meets those requirements. A few days ago I finished the main story and having played through sufficient side quests and challenges, decided to call it quits. Since then I have been musing on both the game itself and the experience I had while playing through it. Simply put, I consider Red Dead Redemption 2 to be a genre milestone and one of the most significant and impressive examples of video games that I have experienced over the course of my life, along with the likes of The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim and The Witcher III: Wild Hunt.

In film, TV or literature, the quality of writing as well as the depth and accessibility of the characters are key elements in determining a consensus upon quality. For example Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes is such an enduring and much loved fictional character due to his rich and relatable personality. He is both aloof, yet compassionate, complex and intriguing. Readers of Sherlock Holmes quickly become invested in his character and care about his actions and deeds. A well written character transcends the text and feels like someone real. And that is exactly how I feel about Arthur Morgan in Red Dead Redemption 2. After over 75 hours of gameplay, I feel that I have travelled on Arthur’s emotional journey as he transcends his life of petty crime and cruelty and learns the value of empathy as he seeks to make his life count for something.

The Western genre is a superb medium for exploring and analysing the human condition and Rockstar Games have done exactly that in Red Dead Redemption 2. The technical aspects of the game are certainly a major contributory factor to the games critical and commercial success (which I’ll leave to others to analyse). But the other half of the equation is the story, its characters and the themes that are explored and presented to the player to consider. Red Dead Redemption 2 is a tale of a changing world and a group of people whose lifestyle is fast becoming an anachronism. It examines what happens when the right of the individual to live their life in their own way comes into conflict with society and all its cultural and political baggage. And most of all, it is about reassessing your world view and personal values and learning that there are things of value and worth outside of one’s own life and experience. It is also about redemption.

Writers Dan Houser, Michael Unsworth and Rupert Humphries utilise many of the classic tropes, associated with the genre throughout Red Dead Redemption 2. Especially those found in classic Western cinema. The Van der Linde gang in the game are in many ways similar to Pike Bishops crew in Sam Pekinpah’s The Wild Bunch (1969). Both are trying to live an “independent” lifestyle in a rapidly modernising world, driven by a libertarian philosophy and notions of honour among thieves. The clash of cultures in Red Dead Redemption 2 leads to betrayal and inevitably to death at the hands of former allies, again reminiscent of Peckinpah's Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid (1973). Against this background there are several intense character studies. Charismatic gang leader Dutch Van der Linde is one, as he slowly slides from ideological certainty into psychosis, like Colonel Kurtz in Apocalypse Now (1979). Yet the other gang members are no less interesting.

Hosea Matthews, a senior gang member and ageing conman and Rains Fall, the head of a defeated Native American tribe, represent those who are fully aware of the change that is fast approaching. Both see resistance to modernity as a pointless endeavour that will only lead to death. Furthermore, they are troubled by the unwillingness of those they love to accept reality. Gang member John Marston is caught between the lifestyle he’s only ever known and the need to leave it for the sake of his wife and son. Then there is Sadie Adler, a widow who in her own words becomes a monster for the sake of revenge. Her story arc is made more poignant by the fact that she knows what is happening to her yet seems powerless to stop it. Black Indian Charles Smith is in many ways the gang’s conscience. His racial heritage makes him the most marginalised of all characters and yet he is the most humane, being profoundly wise and pragmatic.

But it is Arthur Morgan’s story arc which is the fulcrum of the narrative in Red Dead Redemption 2. Within the first few missions he is seen to be a paradoxical character. He is fiercely loyal and supportive of his fellow gang members but dispassionate and brutal to those outside. Yet his world view and behaviour begins to change when he becomes aware of the consequences of his actions. His encounter with an ill debtor who he beats, has grave consequences for both parties and it starts a chain of events which causes him to question the point of his life. Arthur finds that acts of compassion have merit. He encounters organised religion and sees people of faith and although they don’t quite convince him of their ideology, they stir in him a need to atone. As his gang faces extinction at the hands of the Pinkerton Agency he feels that some have to at least survive, despite knowing that he is personally doomed.

Red Dead Redemption 2 allows the player to experience Arthur’s journey in a very practical way. The facial animations and the voice acting greatly enhance the dialogue. Arthur’s actions are relatable, especially when his conscience gets the better of him and he sighs and returns to a situation he would rather walk away from, such as helping someone who has been robbed and abandoned. His kindness toward Jake, John Marston’s son, is also touching. His relationship with his horse is genuine and loving. When it is shot at the end of the story, it is especially moving when Arthur embraces the dying animal and just says “thank you”. Arthur’s fate is partly determined by the player’s choices throughout the game. If his honour rating is high at the end, then his demise is fitting. You kind of expect “Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door” by Bob Dylan to play.

The killcam in Red Dead Redemption 2 is somewhat Walter Hill-esque

Some films, TV shows and video games will cynically try to manipulate the players feelings in an attempt to establish a well rounded character. Standard tropes and themes will be applied in a “push button” fashion. A bad guy does something unspeakable just to establish his credentials. A hero will do something selfless because that is what they do. Quality writing stands out when it goes the extra mile and tries to explore a character’s motive. Red Dead Redemption 2 achieves this through an intelligent and accessible narrative that doesn’t deal in absolutes or present life as a binary choice. Its characters exhibit personality traits that we may have seen or experienced ourselves. It has light, shade and at times ambiguity. It is a genuinely moving story that lingers after the player has completed the game. It is this ability to elicit a truly emotional response and a degree of contemplation that is a hallmark of genuine art.